À ce sujet, le Comité a regretté que les cinq infirmières et le médecin «aient été forcés (avant leur libération l’été 2007) de signer des papiers absolvant l'État de toute responsabilité concernant les tortures et les mauvais traitements qui leur ont été infligés».
L'État libyen ne souhaitait manifestement pas coopérer avec le Comité des droits de l'homme de l'ONU. De fait, comme l’a expliqué M. Amor, «Le rapport (de Tripoli) était particulièrement succinct, tout comme les réponses qui ont été apportées aux questions du Comité». Dans ses Observations finales, le Comité des droits de l'Homme s'est également inquiété que «la peine de mort puisse être appliquée en Libye pour des délits dont la définition est vague et qui ne constituent pas forcément des crimes sérieux».
Les experts des droits de l’Homme de l'ONU ont encore demandé à la Libye de «cesser immédiatement l'application de tout châtiment corporel», tel que les amputations ou la flagellation. Le Comité s'est également préoccupé tout spécialement du sort des femmes en Libye et a demandé aux autorités de Tripoli de «réviser sa législation afin d'assurer l'égalité entre hommes et femmes», en particulier en matière de divorce et d'héritage.
Les experts de l'ONU ont enfin demandé à l'État libyen de mettre un terme à la détention dans des «centres de réhabilitation sociale» de femmes non poursuivies ni condamnées, et d'édicter des lois pour combattre la violence domestique contre les femmes.
In its concluding observations to the fourth periodic report of Libya, the Committee took note of Libya's accession to the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, and to the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, as well as to the two Optional Protocols to the Convention on the Rights of the Child – on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography and on the involvement of children in armed conflict. The Committee welcomed the measures taken to improve the situation of women in public life, particularly in the work place and in access to education and the freedom of movement.
The Committee noted with concern that its recommendations of 1998 had not been fully taken into consideration and regretted that almost all subjects of concern remain unchanged. It reiterated its concern about the uncertain status of the Covenant in Libya's legal system, which had not been sufficiently clarified in either the written responses, the oral replies of the delegation, or the additional information provided by Libya after the consideration of report by the Committee. While the Committee took note of some positive developments regarding the advancement of women, it reiterated its previous concern that inequality between women and men continued to exist in many areas, in law and practice, such as inheritance and divorce. The Committee was concerned that the terrorism-related elements in Libya's draft penal code were not fully in conformity with the Covenant and that it lacked a clear definition of terrorism. The Committee reiterated its concern regarding the allegedly large number of forced disappearances and cases of extrajudicial, summary, or arbitrary executions and the lack of clarification in that respect.
Libya should comply with all recommendations addressed to it by the Committee, and take all necessary steps to ensure that national legislation and its implementation guarantee the effective enjoyment of all Covenant rights in the State party. Libya should recognize that, according to the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, the provisions of its internal law could not be invoked as justification for its failure to fulfil its obligations under a treaty to which it is a party. Libya should review its laws in order to ensure equality between men and women in matters of personal status, in particular regarding divorce and inheritance. It should furthermore guarantee that equality was ensured in law and in practice. Libya should also ensure that the draft penal code in its application to terrorism was compatible with the Covenant and that presently applicable counter-terrorism measures were in full conformity with the Covenant. Further, Libya should provide the Committee with more detailed data regarding death sentences imposed and executions carried out in the past six years.
Source : ONU