This book contains a collection of essays by leading experts linked to the outstanding characteristics of the scholar in honour of whom it is published, Tullio Treves, who combines his academic background with his practical experiences of a negotiator of international treaties and a judge of an international tribunal. It covers international public and private law related to international courts and the development of international law.
Under Article 38 of its Statute, the International Court of Justice can apply judicial decisions only as a “subsidiary means for the determination of rules of law”. However, there are many reasons to believe that international courts and tribunals do play quite an important role in the progressive development of international law. There are a number of decisions which are inevitably recalled as the first step, or a decisive step, in the process of the formation of a new rule of customary international law. In these cases, can the judge be considered as a subsidiary of others? Are these cases compatible with the common belief that a judge cannot create law? Is this a peculiarity of international law, which is characterized by the existence of several courts but the lack of a legislator? Do decisions by different courts lead to the consequence of a fragmented international law? This volume provides the reader with an elaboration of various questions linked to the legislative role of courts.
In their choices of subjects, some contributors have taken into account the general aspects of the development of international rules through court decisions or specific sectors of international law, such as human rights, international crimes, international economic law, environmental law and the law of the sea. Others have chosen the subject of the rules on jurisdiction and procedure of international courts. The question of the courts’ role in the development of areas of law different from public international law, namely private international law and European Union law, has also been considered.
Part I. Personal Perspectives
Homage to Judge Tullio Treves
Bernard H. Oxman
L’Équation de Salomon
Pierre-Marie Dupuy
Part II. General
Aspects
Le juge et la codification du droit de la
responsabilité
Maurizio Arcari
The Effect of Armed Conflict on Treaties: A Stocktaking
Lucius Caflisch
The Growth of Specialized International Tribunals and the Fears of Fragmentation of International Law
Hugo Caminos
The “Right Mix” and “Ambiguities” in
Particular Customs: A Few Remarks on the Navigational and Related Rights Case
Luigi Crema
State Immunity: A Swedish Perspective
Said Mahmoudi
Interpreting ‘‘Generic Terms’’: Between
Respect for the Parties’ Original Intention and the Identification of the
Ordinary Meaning
Paolo Palchetti
Part III.
International Courts: Jurisdiction and Procedure
Dispute Settlement Procedures and Fresh
Water: Multiplicity and Diversity at Stake
Laurence Boisson de Chazournes
Quelques observations sur les mesures
conservatoires indiquées par la Cour de la Haye
Pierre Michel Eisemann
Evidence Before the International Court of
Justice: Issues of Fact and Questions of Law in the Determination
of International Custom
Luigi Fumagalli
Competence and Jurisdiction in Public
International Law: International Courts in the Americas
Luis García-Corrochano Moyano
Procedural Aspects Concerning Jurisdiction
and Admissibility in Cases of Maritime Delimitation Before the ICJ
Angel V. Horna
Brief Notes on the Principle of Non Bis in Idem within Concurrent
International and Domestic Criminal Jurisdiction
Fausto Pocar
Jura Novit Curia in International Human Rights Tribunals
Dinah Shelton
The Composition of the International Court
of Justice
Budislav Vukas
Interventions in Proceedings Before
International Courts and Tribunals: To What Extent May Interventions Serve the Pursuance
of the community Interests?
Rüdiger Wolfrum
Part IV. Law of the
Sea
Some Aspects of the Use of Force in
Maritime Law Enforcement
David H. Anderson
Procedures Entailing Binding Decisions and
Disputes Concerning the Interpretation or Application of the Law of the Sea
Rafael Casado Raigón
Prospects for the Judicial Settlement of
the Dispute Between Croatia and Slovenia Over Piran Bay
Giuseppe Cataldi
In Praise of Urgency Reflections on the
Practice of ITLOS
Jean-Pierre Cot
International Courts and the Development
of the International Law
of the Sea on the Delimitation of the
Continental Shelf
Umberto Leanza
Ships
Vaughan Lowe
Where the Judge Approaches the Legislator:
Some Cases Relating to Law of the Sea
Tullio Scovazzi
The Exercise of Administrative Functions
by ITLOS: A Comment on Prompt Release Cases
Seline Trevisanut
Consolidation or Deviation? On Trends and
Challenges in the Settlement of Maritime Delimitation Disputes by International
Courts and Tribunals
Davor Vidas
Part V. Environmental
Law
Legal Standing of NGOs in Environmental
Disputes in Europe
Elena Fasoli
Indigenous Peoples, the Environment, and
International Jurisprudence
Alessandro Fodella
Les vertus pratiques des obligations générales
relatives à l’environnement dans la Convention des Nations Unies sur le droit
de la mer
Philippe Gautier
The International Court of Justice and
International Environmental Law
José Juste-Ruiz
Implementing Part XII of the 1982 UN Law
of the Sea Convention and the Role of International Courts
Nilufer Oral
The Duty of Environmental Impact
Assessment in the First ITLOS Chamber’s Advisory Opinion: Toward the Supremacy of
the General Rule to Protect and Preserve the Marine Environment as a Common
Value?
Laura Pineschi
Remarks on the Role of Ex Curia Scientific Experts
in International Environmental Disputes
Francesca Romanin Jacur
La contribution des mécanismes de contrôle
et de suivi au développement du droit international: le cas du Projet du Canal de
Bystroe dans le cadre de la Convention d’Espoo
Sabrina Urbinati
Part VI. Human Rights
Human Rights Judicial and Semi-Judicial
Bodies and Customary International Law on State Responsibility
Stefano Brugnatelli
The Vegetarian Diet in Prison: A Human
Right? The Case of Jakóbski v. Poland
Maria Clara Maffei
Mesures anti-piraterie en Somalie entre
les droits de l’homme et les garanties du droit humanitaire. La contribution de
la jurisprudence et de la pratique des mécanismes de contrôle non
juridictionnel
Maria Chiara Noto
The Inter-American Court of Human Rights
and Its Contribution to the Protection of Children’s Rights
Fabián Novak
International Judges and the Protection of
Human Rights at Sea
Irini Papanicolopulu
Interpreting the ECHR in the Light of ‘‘Other’’
International Instruments: Systemic Integration or Fragmentation of Rules on
Treaty Interpretation?
Cesare Pitea
The Rule of Prior Exhaustion of Domestic
Remedies: Theory and Practice in International Human Rights Procedures
Cesare P. R. Romano
The Experiences of the European and
Inter-American Courts of Human Rights with the International Standards on the Protection
of Fundamental Rights in Times of Emergency
Francesco Seatzu
Recent Trends in International Investment
Arbitration and the Protection of Human Rights in the Public Services Sector
Attila Tanzi
The European Court of Human Rights and the
Best Interests of the Child in the Recent Case Law on International Child
Abduction
Francesca Trombetta-Panigadi
Part VII.
International Crimes
L’autonomie du Procureur et la supervision
du Juge dans l’activation de la compétence de la Cour pénale internationale: l’affaire
du Kenya
Barbara Aresi
Political and Military Leaders’ Criminal
Responsibility Before International Criminal Courts and Tribunals
Giulia Bigi
International Courts and the Crime of
Genocide
Valentin Bou
Recent Developments in the Fight Against
International Terrorism: The Role of the European Courts
Patrizia De Cesari
The Contribution of the Special Tribunal
for Lebanon to the Notion of Terrorism: Judicial Creativity or Progressive
Development of International Law?
Chiara Ragni
Part VIII.
International Economic Law
Public Morals in International Trade: WTO
Faces Censorship
Angelica Bonfanti
The WTO Dispute Settlement Understanding
Review: What Future for the Appellate Stage?
Marcella Distefano
Reforms to the Global Governance Model in
Times of Crisis
Marco Frigessi di Rattalma
The World Bank Inspection Panel and the
Development of International Law
Ellen Hey
The 2008 Investment Arbitration Between
Italy and Cuba: The Application of the Rules of Attribution and the 1993 BIT’s Scope
Ratione Personae Under Scrutiny
Enrico Milano
State-to-State Dispute Settlement Pursuant
to Bilateral Investment Treaties: Is There Potential?
Michele Potestà
Part IX. Private
International Law
The ECJ’s Rule of Reason and
Internationally Mandatory Rules
Paolo Bertoli
Jurisdictional Immunities of the State and
Exequatur of Foreign Judgments:
A Private International Law Evaluation of the Recent ICJ Judgment in Germany v. Italy
Nerina Boschiero
Uniform International Law on the Carriage
of Goods by Sea: Recent Trends Toward a Multimodal Perspective
Sergio M. Carbone and Andrea La Mattina
Freedom of States to Regulate Nationality:
European versus International Court of Justice?
Roberta Clerici
Jurisdiction, Fair Trial and Public
Policy: The Krombach and Gambazzi Cases
Franco Mosconi
Part X. European
Union Law
Some Reflections on the Principle of
Consistent Interpretation Through the Case Law of the European Court of Justice
Antonino Alì
La Cour de Justice de l’Union Européenne
se prononce sur l’importation de produits fabriqués dans les territoires palestiniens
occupés: verre demi plein ou verre demi vide?
Matteo Fornari
Addressing Irregular Immigration Through
Criminal Penalties: Reflections on the Contribution of the ECJ to Refining and
Developing a Complex Balance
Bruno Nascimbene and Alessia Di Pascale
Nerina Boschiero, Tullio Scovazzi, Cesare Pitea, Chiara Ragni (eds.), International Courts and the Development of International Law: Essays in Honour of Tullio Treves, Springer, 2013 (951 pp.)
Nerina Boschiero and Tullio Scovazzi are both professor of international law at the Universities of, respectively, Milan and Milano-Bicocca, Italy. Chiara Ragni and Cesare Pitea are both researcher in international law at the Universities of, respectively, Milan and Parma, Italy.
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